Lu Chi-ying (1916 – 2004), a farmer and beneficiary of modern education system, documented Taiwan’s transition from traditional to scientific agriculture in diary entries that he wrote continuously over 71 years. Born and raised in Gangshan District, Kaohsiung in southwestern Taiwan during the Japanese era, Lu Ji-ying was both a dedicated agricultural technician and avid diarist. He wrote new entries continuously from 1933 until his death in 2004, with the exception of one full year in 1945. His first entry on January 1st, 1946 acknowledged that since the era had transited, he would started to write all subsequent entries in Chinese, and also leave the note of learning new ""national language"" (Mandarin) diligently. His diary entries keenly describe his observations on various farming methods and insights into his regular experimentations. He even compiled 40 years of observations in a statistical chart. His copious writings also record for posterity the ebb and flow of Chi-ying’s everyday experience, including family finances record and his first, awkward encounter with his future wife. The comprehensive, long-term coverage of Lu Chi-ying’s diaries make them an indispensable reference for research into the evolution of Taiwan’s economy and society through the 20th century.