During the Qing Dynasty, a great number of Han Chinese people migrated to Taiwan and formed Han Chinese-dominated communities in many parts of the island. However, due to separation by the east-west rivers, transport between the south and north was very inconvenient.The Han Chinese adopted different land reclamation methods and cultures in response to the varied natural and cultural environments. With regard to the natural environment, the migrants built different kinds of villages based on factors such as terrain and hydrology. As for the cultural environment, different industries and cultures were established depending on indigenous customs and ethnic distribution. Eventually, regional societies with various characteristics were formed throughout southern and northern Taiwan.